Stereoscopic ocular.



C. PULPRIGH.

STEREOSGOPIG OCULAR.

APPLIGATION 11.21) JAN.29,191-1.

Patented May 12, 1914:.

ill

tlli

straight line is horizontal.

' hll "o illedl ltd CARI; PUILFRICH, OF JENA, GIEIRJVIANY, ASSIGNOLEL 'I'O flfiE FIRM 0]: CARL ZEIFSS,

JEN'A, GERMANY.

srntanoscorrc OL'ULAR.

ranc es.

To (ZZZ whom it may concern:

llle it known that I, CAI-2L PULrmoH, a citizen ol' the German Empire, residing at Jena, Germany, have invented a new and useful Stereoscopic Ocular, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to astronomical or terrestrial double oculars, in which for stereoscopic measuring two marks, each of which is provided with a distinguished point, are each disposed in an image-plane of the two single oculars in such a manner that a stereoscopic mark is presented to the observer. Up to the present only such ster'e oscopic marks have been formed, as have an invariable inclination to the spatial.- image of the object to be measured. In such forms of marks as are elongated in the vertical (ii-- rection and have the distinguished point at their bottom end, which forms are used more particularly for stereoscopic measuring, on measuring at overhanging parts of the spatial image of the object, that part of the mark, which is adjacent to its distinguished point, entered, intothc' interior of the said spatial image, whereby observation was rendered diflicult. In. order to be able to avoid this, according to the invention the inclination of the mark is mode variable, each marl: being so disposed in the image-plane con taining it as to be rotatable about its distinguished point relatively to that straight line, which corresponds in the said imageplane to the plane containing the two axes of inspection. 'When the axes of inspection lie, for example, in e horizontal plane, the said The centers of rotation oi. the two marks correspond to that point ol the stereoscopic mark, which, on a measurement being made, to be brought into coincidence successively with the points of the spatial. image of the object, and it will he found to be expedient to leave their relative position unaltered and to effect the relative displacement of the stereoscopic mark and of the spatial image of the object in the deptlvdirection by a relative adjustment of the limit-images of the object presented to the observer.

The lZLCll'llfl/tllllll. the mark may be varied in a particularly simple manner within the planes, which are perpendicular to the chrection of inspection of the double ocular, and within its plane of syn'nmetry---hy which is meant that plane, which is parallel to the Patented May 1.?3, 1M4. Serial .No. 815,249.

direction of inspection rind all points of which are equidistant from the axes of inspection oi the two oculars. While in the former case the two marks are to be 1'0- tated in such-a manner that they both. always deviate each by the same amount and both in the same sense fromthat position, in which they form a stereoscopic mark 1ying in the plane of symmetry, in the latter case they are to be so rotated in o poeite directions that they both always deviate each by the same amount from that position which lies in a plane perpendicular to the direction of inspection of the double ocular. When, owingto the character of the objectsurface to be measured, more {particularly a variation 01' inclination of the stereoscopic mark within the planes, which are per endicular to the direction of inspection 0 the double ocular, is desirable, the marks may be diseugageably coupled for rotating jointly by equal amounts and both in the same sense, when, on the other lmnrhprincipally a variation of inclination of the stereoscopic mark within the plane of symmetry of the double ocular is. to he olltainablc, the marks may be disengageably coupled for rotating jointly by equal amounts but in opposite directions. 4

lo the annexed... drawing: Figures 1 to 3 show a constructional example of the invention, Fig. 1. being a. cross-section through the double ocular, Fig. 2 a longitudinal section containing the axes of the two single oculars, and Fig. 3 a section along the plane of symmetry of the double ocular.

The double ocular comprises two Ra1nsden ocular-s a, the cyc-lenscs of which are nun-lied a and the licld-lenses (1- 'lhe'oculars are fixed in a common casing i) in such a manner that substantially only their shellpicccs a lie outside the said casing. The casing is closed at its front side by a cover 6 which is furnished opposite each ocular with a circular opening 7). The oculars are socket c, on which a plate-carrier al fitted with spur gearing (Z is rotatably journaled. The gearings (l have the same number of teeth in the case of each ocular. Each plate carrier is fitted with a glass plate (P, the rear limiting surface of. which belongs to theimage lane of the ocular and bears a. marl:

(l in 1: 1e shape of a. stroke, which intersects in which they form a stereoscopic mark,

each provided at their front side with a one another as to their direction of rotation,

the axis oi the ocular, the point of interseo two being indicated by e short cross-stroke iilQ said marks (Z well as the short cross ci es (Z of the two oculars are so COHSLllZtltQCi that they form jointly a stereo scopic mark, which appears to the observer as an elongated cross. the point of intersection of the two limbs of which is to he hrougg ht, when measuring, intocoincidencc with the separate points of the spatial image of the object. In the casing 5 there is fitted a Q wing-hearing, consisting of three plates e and at which are connected together by means of screus c" and are fixed to a C0111- nicn heal-plate The bed-plate is guided hctwecn two ribs 6 which are screwed to the hot-tom of the casing, in the direction of the con] a1. ax and can be displaced by means ot a knob 7, which projects through aslot 1 of the using to the outside, the ends of the said slot acting as stops. Between each two plates gearing is jOlll'iltilOCi; consisting between the plates 6 and c of a Wheel 5 and between the -plates c and-chef three wheels it, I 3 and it, which mesh with one another anal of which [1- and fi have the same number of teeth. The axes of all the wheels of both sets of gearing parallel to the oculair a displacing; the gearing-bean me, either one set' of gearing or the other may be caused to engage the gearings d of the plate-ca riers (Z and with :1 Wheel 6,. which has the same in Jhcr of teeth'as the gearings at and is journaled opposite the latter on the casing The wheel 2' can be actuated by 'zeans of a milled head z'Pand can. eil ccti according the gearing g or the gearing i 7t, 1 1 is in mesh, a rotation of the gearings (Z and in consequence of the marks (I in which these latter agree with or such a rotation, in which they are opposed to one another as to their directioi'i of rotation. As the wheel 2' has the same number of teeth as the gearings (Z, one revolution of corresponds to one revolution of the gearing-s and consequently oi the marks, The gear- 1 ings may only then he put into or out of mesh, when the two marks (Z are perpendicular to the plane in which lie the two ocular axes. This relative position of the two marks is shown on the face of the milled head 2' by an index 5, which is fixed to the casing The drawing shows this position of the marks d and the intermediate position of the gearinghearingh I claim:

1. In a stereoscopic ocular two single oculars, two marks having each a distinguished point, cachet the said. two oculers containing one such marl; in an image-plane, and means for rotating each of the said marks in the image-plane containing it about its distinguished point relatively to that. straight line, which corresponds in the said imageplcne to the plane containing the two axes of inspection.

2. In u stereoscopic ocular two single oculai's, two marks haviig each a distinguished point, each of the said two oculers containing one such mark in. an image-plane, and n eans for clisengageahly coupling the said marks for their joint rotation by equal amounts, each in the image-plane containing it and about its distinguished point, relatively to that straight line, which corres ionds'in the said image-plane to the plane containing the two axes of inspection.

3. In a stereoscopic ocular two single oculars, two marks having each a distinguished point, each of the said two oculars containinc; one such mark in an image-plane, and means for disengageably coupling the said marks for their joint rotation by equal amounts and both in the samesense, each in thecimage-plaue containing it and about its i'ilStil'lglllSllGd point, relatively to that straight line, which corresponds in the said imageplane to the plane containing the two axes of inspection.

CARL PULFRICH. lVitnesse f Pit-m, Keticse, FRITZ LANDEB. 

